Which of the following is a common risk factor for coronary artery disease?

Obesity is a well-established risk factor for coronary artery disease because it is associated with various metabolic abnormalities that can lead to cardiovascular complications. Individuals with obesity are more likely to experience insulin resistance, increased inflammation, and dyslipidemia—conditions that contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. Additionally, excess body fat can lead to high blood pressure and elevated levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, further increasing the risk of coronary artery disease.

In contrast, a high-fiber diet and regular exercise are considered protective factors against coronary artery disease. A diet rich in fiber helps to lower cholesterol levels and improve overall heart health. Regular physical activity is known to assist in weight management, improve blood circulation, and decrease the risk of developing heart disease. Low blood pressure, while often an indicator of good cardiovascular health, does not typically function as a risk factor for coronary artery disease; rather, it is usually an asset reflecting overall health and homeostasis.