What is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease?

Hyperlipidemia is a well-established major risk factor for coronary artery disease. It refers to elevated levels of lipids in the blood, particularly low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglycerides. High levels of LDL cholesterol can lead to the accumulation of plaques in the coronary arteries, which narrows the vessels and restricts blood flow to the heart muscle. This process is known as atherosclerosis and significantly increases the risk of coronary artery disease, heart attacks, and other cardiovascular events.

In contrast, hypotension is not typically associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease; rather, high blood pressure (hypertension) is a risk factor. Smoking is indeed a significant risk factor, but hyperlipidemia is often cited as a more direct contributor to the development of coronary artery disease due to its role in lipid buildup. Regular exercise is generally considered protective against coronary artery disease, as it helps to maintain healthy weight, improve lipid profiles, and enhance overall cardiovascular health.