Identify a common first-line medication for managing acute pulmonary edema.

Furosemide, commonly known by its brand name Lasix, is a powerful loop diuretic that is frequently used as a first-line medication for managing acute pulmonary edema. This condition occurs when fluid accumulates in the lungs, often due to heart failure or other cardiovascular issues, leading to difficulty breathing and decreased oxygenation.

The mechanism of action of furosemide involves inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the ascending loop of Henle in the kidneys. This results in increased urinary output, which helps to reduce excess fluid volume in the body. By promoting diuresis, furosemide effectively decreases the volume of fluid in the lungs, alleviating symptoms of pulmonary edema and improving respiratory function.

Additionally, furosemide can help reduce the preload on the heart by eliminating extracellular fluid, which is crucial in patients who may be experiencing cardiogenic pulmonary edema. The rapid onset of action of this medication also plays a significant role in emergency situations, where quick relief of symptoms can be lifesaving.

In contrast, the other medications listed have different primary functions. Metoprolol is a beta-blocker primarily used to manage hypertension and heart rate but is not indicated for acute fluid management. Aspirin is an ant