Cardiac Medicine Certification (CMC) Practice Exam

How should changes in weight be monitored in patients taking diuretics?

1. Weekly for 2 weeks

2. Only after medication dosage changes

3. Daily and report gains of 2-4 pounds in 1-2 days

4. Every two weeks based on symptoms

The correct answer is: Daily and report gains of 2-4 pounds in 1-2 days

Monitoring changes in weight for patients taking diuretics is crucial because these medications can significantly affect fluid balance in the body. Diuretics are often prescribed for conditions such as heart failure, hypertension, and edema, where fluid retention is a concern. A key role in managing these patients is ensuring that they do not gain excessive weight, which may indicate fluid overload. The correct approach is to weigh patients daily and report any gains of 2-4 pounds within a span of 1-2 days. This practice is important because rapid weight changes can signal the accumulation of fluid, prompting timely intervention. Monitoring weight daily allows healthcare providers to respond quickly to any significant changes, reducing the risk of complications associated with fluid overload, such as worsening heart failure or pulmonary edema. Other options indicate less frequent monitoring, which may not be sufficient to detect rapid changes in fluid status. Weekly monitoring or checks only after dosage adjustments may miss critical changes, while monitoring every two weeks based purely on symptoms could lead to delays in recognizing worsening conditions, leading to potentially serious consequences. Daily monitoring, on the other hand, provides a more proactive approach in managing patients on diuretics.